Turkmenistan Airlines, officially known as Türkmenhowaýollary, is the flag carrier and national airline of Turkmenistan. Founded in 1992 following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the airline operates international and domestic routes from its main base in Ashgabat. The airline is state-owned and operates under close government oversight, reflecting the broader political environment of Turkmenistan. It serves destinations across Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, though its route network remains relatively limited compared to other regional carriers. Turkmenistan Airlines has faced scrutiny from international aviation safety bodies over the years, and the airline is subject to various operational restrictions in certain markets. Despite these challenges, it continues to serve as the primary air transport link for Turkmenistan's population.